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T-90S main battle tank operating in the Thar Desert during high-temperature mobility trials, moving across sandy terrain under clear desert conditions.

25 Years of the India–Russia T-90S Contract: A Milestone in Armored Cooperation

On February 15, 2001, a landmark contract was signed between Rosoboronexport and the Government of India for the supply of T-90S main battle tanks. A quarter century later, the agreement stands as one of the most consequential defense-industrial partnerships of the early 21st century, shaping both the revival of Russia’s armored vehicle sector and the ...

China’s PL-17 very-long-range air-to-air missile displayed in official imagery.

China Officially Unveils the PL-17 Long-Range Air-to-Air Missile

China has officially revealed detailed imagery of its PL-17 (Pi Li-17) long-range air-to-air missile, marking the first clear public disclosure of a weapon system that has remained largely speculative until now. The image was released on 27 January through Chinese military enthusiast and defense analyst channels. Prior to this, the missile had only been observed ...

Adnan Ashraf

Assessment of U.S. and Israeli Air Power Deployed Near Iran

Current force deployments indicate that the United States and Israel possess a substantial military aviation presence in the Middle East, capable of conducting a large-scale air and missile strike against targets inside Iran should a decision be made to do so. A key component of this posture is the extensive deployment of aerial refueling assets. ...

Russian Tu-142K long-range maritime patrol aircraft conducting aerial refueling over the Arctic region.

Tu-142MK Conducts First Arctic Aerial Refueling Mission

The Russian Navy’s Tu-142MK long-range anti-submarine warfare (ASW) aircraft has conducted its first recorded in-flight refueling mission over the Arctic region, according to official sources. The aircraft is operated by the Northern Fleet’s naval aviation component, and the mission marked a notable milestone in the operational employment of Russia’s maritime patrol aviation. While the event ...

Upgraded Al Khalid-I MBTs handed over to Pakistan Army

Al-Khalid Tank: The Armored Vanguard of the Pakistan Army

The Al-Khalid tank is the centerpiece of Pakistan’s armored warfare doctrine and a testament to its transition from a defense importer to a developer of high-end military technology. Named after the legendary 7th-century commander Khalid bin al-Walid, the tank was specifically designed to handle the diverse and grueling environments of Pakistan—from the humid plains of ...

Unpainted Shenyang J-35 fifth-generation stealth fighter during flight testing.

China Advances Toward Serial Production of the J-35 Fifth-Generation Fighter for Naval and Air Force Service

The photos show the flights of experimental machines as part of the tests, which is a key stage before their official introduction into combat units. The presence of a separate marine and “land” version indicates the parallel development of the J-35 for two components of the PLA. This information supplements the data that appeared in ...

Chinese Y-30 new military medium transport aircraft during its first recorded flight

China Conducts First Flight of New Medium Military Transport Aircraft

China has conducted the maiden flight of a new military transport aircraft, marking a significant milestone for the country’s aviation industry after more than a decade of largely confidential development. Footage of the first flight has recently surfaced online, providing the first public glimpse of the aircraft in operational form. According to aviation observers, the ...

U.S. Army long-range hypersonic weapon (LRHW) mobile missile launchers configured for rapid deployment.

The Pentagon’s Hypersonic “Dark Eagle”: Capabilities, Challenges, and Strategic Implications.

Information has recently emerged regarding the United States’ hypersonic missile system known as Dark Eagle, officially designated the LRHW (Long Range Hypersonic Weapon). Developed for the U.S. Army, Dark Eagle represents Washington’s most advanced effort to field a ground-launched hypersonic strike capability. The missile is relatively compact and is deployed from a mobile launcher mounted ...

A BRDM-2 armored vehicle equipped with man-portable air-defense system (MANPADS) launchers configured for short-range air defense operations.

Repurposing Stored BRDM-2 Armored Vehicles for Short-Range Air Defense Roles

Large numbers of legacy armored vehicles remain in long-term storage across multiple countries, raising a recurring question: how can such platforms be used effectively outside frontline combat roles? One practical and increasingly relevant answer lies in their adaptation for short-range air defense (SHORAD) missions. A notable example of this approach is the continued reuse of ...

Royal Thai Army VT-4 main battle tank showing a damaged 125mm smoothbore gun barrel after battlefield incident.

Thai Army Armored Forces and the VT-4 Tank Incident During the Cambodia Conflict

Amid escalating hostilities between Thailand and Cambodia, the Royal Thai Army has deployed armored formations to frontline sectors as part of its ground combat operations. Tanks remain a central element of Thailand’s land warfare doctrine, particularly in border conflicts where protected mobility, direct fire support, and battlefield presence are decisive. The Royal Thai Army operates ...