Russian Su-57D dual-seat stealth fighter variant on display, showing twin cockpit configuration and advanced fifth-generation aircraft design.

The emergence of the two-seat Su-57D has reignited discussions about Russia’s long-term strategy for its fifth-generation fighter program. While the aircraft itself does not appear technically mysterious, its real significance lies in geopolitics, export ambitions, and the revival of stalled international partnerships—particularly with India. The Return of an Old Idea To understand the purpose of … Read more

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T-90S main battle tank operating in the Thar Desert during high-temperature mobility trials, moving across sandy terrain under clear desert conditions.

25 Years of the India–Russia T-90S Contract: A Milestone in Armored Cooperation

Adnan Ashraf

On February 15, 2001, a landmark contract was signed between Rosoboronexport and the Government of India for the supply of T-90S main battle tanks. A quarter century later, the agreement stands as one of the most consequential defense-industrial partnerships of the early 21st century, shaping both the revival of Russia’s armored vehicle sector and the … Read more

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China’s PL-17 very-long-range air-to-air missile displayed in official imagery.

China Officially Unveils the PL-17 Long-Range Air-to-Air Missile

Adnan Ashraf

China has officially revealed detailed imagery of its PL-17 (Pi Li-17) long-range air-to-air missile, marking the first clear public disclosure of a weapon system that has remained largely speculative until now. The image was released on 27 January through Chinese military enthusiast and defense analyst channels. Prior to this, the missile had only been observed … Read more

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A BRDM-2 armored vehicle equipped with man-portable air-defense system (MANPADS) launchers configured for short-range air defense operations.

Repurposing Stored BRDM-2 Armored Vehicles for Short-Range Air Defense Roles

Adnan Ashraf

Large numbers of legacy armored vehicles remain in long-term storage across multiple countries, raising a recurring question: how can such platforms be used effectively outside frontline combat roles? One practical and increasingly relevant answer lies in their adaptation for short-range air defense (SHORAD) missions. A notable example of this approach is the continued reuse of … Read more

Royal Thai Army VT-4 main battle tank showing a damaged 125mm smoothbore gun barrel after battlefield incident.

Thai Army Armored Forces and the VT-4 Tank Incident During the Cambodia Conflict

Adnan Ashraf

Amid escalating hostilities between Thailand and Cambodia, the Royal Thai Army has deployed armored formations to frontline sectors as part of its ground combat operations. Tanks remain a central element of Thailand’s land warfare doctrine, particularly in border conflicts where protected mobility, direct fire support, and battlefield presence are decisive. The Royal Thai Army operates … Read more

Ilham Aliyev standing in front of a JF-17 Block-III fighter jet during a defense-related event.

Azerbaijan Formally Inducts JF-17 Thunder Fighters Following Historic Defense Agreement

Adnan Ashraf

Pakistani Prime Minister Muhammad Sharif has officially confirmed the transfer of JF-17 Thunder fighter jets to the Azerbaijani Air Force. The aircraft had already appeared publicly on 8 November 2025 during a military parade in Baku, signaling the beginning of a significant modernization phase for Azerbaijan’s air capabilities. Five JF-17 Block III fighters took part … Read more